کمک نظامی ایران به شورشیان یمن

بیزینس اینسایدر
بیزینس اینسایدر

» تحلیل بیزنس اینسایدر از نقش هوتی ها

به گفته مقامات ایرانی و یمنی، ایران برای ستیزه جویان شیعه هوتی، که سپتامبر گذشته پایتخت یمن را به اشغال درآوردند، تامین کننده سلاح، پول و آموزش نظامی است و از این طریق بر نفوذ منطقه ای خود  می افزاید و مبارزه خود با عربستان سعودی را تشدید می کند.

میزان کمک و حمایت ایران از هوتی های یمن که دارای ایدئولوژی شیعه هستند، مشخص نیست. کشورهای سنی خلیج فارس ایران را به حمایت از شیعیان منطقه متهم می کنند در حالیکه ایران این اتهامات را رد می کند.

با این وجود خبرگزاری رویترز جزئیاتی را از منایع غربی، یمنی و ایرانی در اختیار دارد که نشان دهنده آن است که ایران پیش از اشغال صنعا در ۲۱ سپتامبر، به هوتی ها کمک نظامی و مالی کرده است.

یک مقام ارشد هوتی گرفتن مواد و پول از ایران را رد کرد. ولی شواهد موجود حاکی از آن است که سعودی ها وغرب از سوء استفاده ایران از آشوب و درگیری میان سنی ها و شیعه ها در عراق، سوریه، لبنان، بحرین و اکنون یمن، نگران هستند.

ریاض کمک های خود به یمن را قطع کرده است. عربستان از قدرت روزافزون هوتی ها ناخشنود است در حالیکه ایران علنا به آن ها تبریک می گوید.

یک مقام امنیتی یمن گفت ایران با جدیت از هوتی ها حمایت می کند.

وی گفت: “پیش از ورود آن ها به صنعا، ایران محموله های سلاح برای هوتی ها ارسال کرد و به افراد آن ها پول داد.” وی به شرط ناشناس ماندن سخن گفت.

یک مقام امنیتی دیگر یمنی گفت: “سلاح ها هنوز هم از راه دریا می آید و انتقال پول هم ادامه دارد.”

وی گفت ایران پیروزی هوتی ها را، برخلاف عراق و سوریه، سریع و کم هزینه می بیند.

یک منبع دیگر گفت: “این موضوع چندین سال است که جریان دارد. ما شاهد رفت و آمد هوتی ها برای آموزش نظامی به ایران و لبنان هستیم. همچنین مطمئن هستیم که پول هم برای هوتی ها از طریق حزب الله و بسته های پول که در فرودگاه رد و بدل می شود، ارسال می شود. تعداد افرادی که برای تعلیم نظامی به آنجا می روند کافی است تا ما را نگران کند.”

یک مقام ارشد ایرانی به رویترز گفت نیروی قدس، شاخه خارجی سپاه پاسداران انقلاب اسلامی، “چند صد” پرسنل نظامی در یمن دارد که به جنگجویان هوتی تعلیم نظامی می دهند.

او گفت ۱۰۰ هوتی در سال جاری به ایران سفر کرده  و در پایگاه سپاه در نزدیکی قم تعلیم دیده اند. تعیین صحت این ادعاها مقدور نبود.

مقامات گفتند چندین مشاور نظامی ایرانی در یمن هستند و سرعت رساندن سلاح و پول به هوتی ها پس از تصرف صنعا توسط آن ها بیشتر شده است.

مقام ایرانی گفت: “همه چیز مربوط به تعادل نیرو در منطقه است. ایران خواهان حضور قوی شیعیان در منطقه است و این دلیل دخالت ما در یمن است.”

صالح الصمد، یک مشاور ارشد هوتی برای رئیس جمهور کمک های ایران را رد کرد و گفت ایرانی ها از این حرکت به عنوان بخشی از “پروژه رویارویی با آمریکا” نگاه می کنند.

عربستان سعودی هم معتقد به کمک مستمر ایران به شیعیان یمن است.

مقامات یمنی ضبط کشتی “جهان ۱” را شاهدی بر قاچاق سلاح به شورشیان محلی می دانند.   

مقامات یمنی محتوای این کشتی را که شامل موشک های کاتیوشا، موشک زمین به زمین و آر پی جی ساخت ایران بود به رویترز نشان دادند. ایران هر گونه ارتباط با کشتی جهان-۱ را رد کرد.

ساکنان صنعا هنوز نمی دانند چرا هوتی ها موفق شدند پایتخت را تصرف کنند. هوتی ها که در ابتدا گروه کوچکی بودند، به سرعت با پیوستن به شیعیان زیدی، که یک سوم جمعیت یمن را تشکیل می دهد، قدرت گرفتند.

حمله آن ها به صنعا با نارضایتی عمومی از فساد در دستگاه اداری مصادف شد. آن ها همچنین از اختلافات درونی ارتش نیز بهره برداری کردند.

اکنون با در دست گرفتن پایتخت و فرودگاه  و بندر حدیده امکان کمک های بیشتر تهران فراهم شده است.

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onpost.com/world/national-security/iran-frees-wife-of-posts-tehran-correspondent-but-he-remains-in-custody/2014/10/05/608ecece-1495-4468-89b2-2d327c439983_story.htmlhttp://in.reuters.com/article/2014/10/05/iran-succession-idINKCN0HU05A20141005http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/oct/02/nuclear-talks-why-tehran-must-come-in-from-coldhttp://gulfbusiness.com/2014/10/saudi-arabia-fears-yemeni-tumult-may-boost-main-foe-iran/#.VDEFh_ldW_khttp://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2014/sep/30/may-iran-takes-advantage-of-the-focus-on-isis/?utm_source=RSS_Feed&utm_medium=RSShttp://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/09/30/asia-iran-crude-idUKL3N0RU1IJ20140930http://www.newsweek.com/iran-says-its-willing-fight-isis-price-273939http://online.wsj.com/articles/iran-makes-the-rules-1411944618http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/27/opinion/impasse-over-irans-nuclear-program.html?_r=0http://online.wsj.com/articles/irans-president-criticizes-allied-bombing-in-syria-1411476268http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/22/iran-saudi-arabia-talks-thaw-relationshttp://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/22/us/familys-video-appeals-to-iran-for-release-of-american.html?_r=0http://www.dailystar.com.lb/Opinion/Editorial/2014/Sep-20271302-persian-pretense.ashx#axzz3DwDOsC2mhttp://www.reuters.com/article/2014/09/21/us-iran-nuclear-exclusive-idUSKBN0HG03T20140921http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/us-led-coalition-seeks-to-exclude-iran-from-fight-against-islamic-state/2014/09/13/71193e8a-3b4a-11e4-a023-1d61f7f31a05_story.htmlhttp://www.dailystar.com.lb/Opinion/Commentary/2014/Sep-15270658-irans-culture-wars-still-do-matter.ashx#axzz3DNAxVcwJhttp://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/worldviews/wp/2014/09/11/what-obama-didnt-say-how-iran-fits-into-islamic-state-fight/http://nypost.com/2014/09/11/the-false-allure-of-an-iranian-alliance/http://www.crossmap.com/news/iran-iranian-authorities-raid-a-house-church-in-tehran-two-christian-converts-arrested-12048http://uk.reuters.com/article/2014/09/09/uk-iran-nuclear-usa-idUKKBN0H424420140909http://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/travel/44626/john-simpson-iran-is-the-most-charming-country-on-earth.htmlhttp://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/irans-expanding-military-role-in-iraqhttp://blogs.channel4.com/snowblog/iran-begins-emerge-decades-isolation/24539http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/06/henry-kissinger-iran-isis_n_5777706.htmlhttp://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/iran-arrests-suspected-nuclear-plant-saboteur-25323907http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/02/sudan-expels-iranian-diplomats-closes-cultural-centreshttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/02/sudan-expels-iranian-diplomats-closes-cultural-centreshttp://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/4669/uk-iran-british-shiiteshttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/sep/01/iran-widows-memoirs-iran-iraq-warfile:///D:/documents/0kar/sep/Summer%202014%20has%20apparently%20been%20a%20phenomenal%20time%20for%20Iran%20and%20its%20leadership.%20Over%20the%20past%20few%20months%20Lady%20Luck%20seems%20to%20have%20been%20rolling%20both%20the%20political%20and%20the%20financial%20dice%20Iran%E2%80%99s%20way.%20But%20everything%20in%20the%20garden%20is%20not%20quite%20as%20rosy%20as%20it%20appears.http://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/01/world/middleeast/iraq.html?_r=0http://www.voanews.com/content/iran-bolsters-surveillance-of-phone-internet/2432555.htmlhttp://www.theguardian.com/technology/2014/aug/29/iran-cyber-power-america-networkshttp://online.wsj.com/articles/frances-hollande-considers-inviting-iran-to-proposed-conference-on-jihadists-1409216590http://www.nytimes.com/2014/08/30/world/middleeast/us-imposes-sanctions-on-iranian-groups.html?_r=0http://www.aawsat.net/2014/08/article55335874http://www.businessinsider.com/rigid-customs-in-iran-are-pushing-divorce-rates-higher-2014-8http://www.huffingtonpost.com/camelia-entekhabifard/saudi-arabia-accepts-iran_b_5707587.htmlhttp://www.middleeasteye.net/news/iran-670210937http://www.thedailybeast.com/witw/articles/2014/08/22/can-women-in-iran-be-equal.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iraq/11051663/Douglas-Alexander-Iran-can-help-West-confront-Islamic-State.htmlhttp://breakingenergy.com/2014/08/18/no-iran-deal-is-better-than-any-feasible-deal/http://www.voanews.com/content/iran-influence-baghdad-shia-prime-minister/2417859.htmlhttp://www.hrw.org/news/2014/08/18/iran-dozens-unlawfully-held-city-s-prisonshttp://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2014/08/17/iranianconnected_house_in_toronto_at_centre_of_international_showdown.htmlhttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/11040245/If-we-have-to-work-with-Iran-to-defeat-the-Islamic-State-so-be-it.htmlhttp://online.wsj.com/articles/un-atomic-agency-chief-to-visit-iran-1408111463http://gulfnews.com/opinions/columnists/urgent-need-for-improved-saudi-iran-relations-1.1372819https://news.vice.com/article/irans-government-is-worried-that-its-people-are-having-the-wrong-kind-of-sexhttp://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/iran-detaining-jason-rezaianhttp://ww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open-on-Iran-360973%E2%80%8Bhttp://www.theguardian.com/world/iran-blog/2014/jun/27/iran-isis-military-interventionhttp://www.haaretz.com/news/middle-east/.premium-1.601824http://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/29/iraq-isis-new-alliances-old-enemies-advancehttp://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2014/06/27/shouldn-let-iraq-bargaining-chip-with-iran/jgktOqxTh6pMXjGB2pidrN/story.htmlhttp://www.theguardian.com/education/2014/jun/26/iran-students-kaplan-uk-stem-course-block-us-sanctionshttp://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/25/world/middleeast/top-scientist-from-iran-hinders-talks-with-absence.html?_r=0http://www.chicagotribune.com/business/sns-rt-us-hsbc-iran-20140624,0,5438319.storyhttp://www.theguardian.com/football/2014/jun/21/lionel-messi-argentina-iran-world-cuphttp://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/iran/10916088/Are-we-opening-the-door-to-a-tyrant-worse-than-Saddam.htmlhttp://www.foxnews.com/world/2014/06/22/iraqi-insurgents-capture-fourth-town-since-friday/http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/irans-role-in-iraq-is-unlikely-to-include-combat/2014/06/20/85795050-305d-4ff3-a821-bdf5269c60bf_story.html?tid=hpModule_04941f10-8a79-11e2-98d9-3012c1cd8d1ehttp://online.wsj.com/articles/iran-could-outsource-its-nuclear-weapons-program-to-north-korea-1403303442?tesla=y&mg=reno64-wsj&url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304489104579636271915574660.html&fpid=2,7,121,122,201,401,641,1009http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-27883162http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/the-united-states-should-not-cooperate-with-iran-on-iraq/2014/06/17/f3144b9c-f63e-11e3-a3a5-42be35962a52_story.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/16/world/middleeast/iran-eases-constraints-on-academic-contacts-with-west.html?_r=0http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2014/06/iran-and-the-us-the-enemy-of-my-enemy.htmlhttp://www.thenational.ae/world/middle-east/iranians-still-waiting-for-rouhani-to-deliver-on-promiseshttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/13/us-iran-fight-jihadis-iraqhttp://www.lobelog.com/us-iran-bilateral-talks-on-the-edge-of-a-nuclear-deal/http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/7384e728-ec08-11e3-ab1b-00144feabdc0.html#axzz348Kc0U5hhttp://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/jun/07/us-iran-direct-nuclear-talks-genevahttp://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/08/world/middleeast/iran-tehran-offers-incentives-to-middle-class-families-to-have-more-children-as-population-declines.html?_r=0 15 دسامبر  2014