ایران کشورهای مسلمان خاورمیانه را به همدستی با غرب برای پایین آوردن قیمت نفت، به عنوان تاکتیکی برای ضربه بیشتر به اقتصاد تحریمزده این کشور، متهم کرد.
نفت از ماه ژوئن یک چهارم قیمت خود را از دست داده و دولت حسن روحانی به دنبال راههای درآمد دیگری است تا بتواند درآمد خود در بودجه امسال را که بر پایه نفت بشکهای ۱۰۰ دلار بسته شده، تراز کند.
محمدباقر نوبخت، سخنگوی دولت روز دوشنبه در صحبت با روحانیون شیعه محافظهکار در قم گفت: “برخی از کشورهای به اصطلاح مسلمان منطقه در خدمت منافع آمریکا و قدرتهای متکبر دیگر هستند و سعی میکنند جمهوری اسلامی را در تنگنا قرار دهند.”
خبرگزاری مهر به نقل از او گزارش داد: “آنها (غرب) تولید نفت ما از چهار میلیون بشکه در روز را به یک میلیون بشکه رساندند و این کاهش اخیر قیمتها هم آخرین حیله آنهاست.”
کاهش قیمت نفت، به تولید زیاد، کاهش رشد اقتصاد چین و اروپا و عدم موافقت عربستان سعودی و تولیدکنندگان دیگر اوپک با کاهش تولید برای بالا بردن قیمت، نسبت داده شده است. نفت خام برنت روز سهشنبه از بشکهای ۱۱۰ دلار در ماه ژوئن، به بشکهای ۸۶ دلار رسید.
درحالیکه تندروهای ایران به سرعت ریاض را مقصر کاهش قیمت دانستهاند، اما حسن روحانی و دولت معتدل او سعی کردهاند این عضو اوپک و رقیب منطقهای خود را به خاطر منفعت روابط بهتر در آینده خشمگین نکنند.
رئیسجمهور ایران که به خاطر “واکنش منفعل” نسبت به کاهش قیمت نفت مورد انتقاد قرار گرفته است، هفته گذشته به بیژن زنگنه وزیر نفت خود دستور داد تا با استفاده موثرتر از دیپلماسی، از کاهش بیشتر قیمت نفت جلوگیری کند.
روحانی ۱۴ ماه پیش با رای قاطع به ریاستجمهوری انتخاب شد اما پیشرفتها هم در زمینه اقتصاد و هم مذاکرات هستهای با غرب که نتیجهاش تاثیر مستقیمی بر اقتصاد و اصلاحات در جمهوری اسلامی دارد آهسته بوده است.
خود رئیسجمهور تمام تلاش خود را برای پایان دادن به مناقشه ۱۲ ساله بر سر برنامه هستهای کشور بکار بسته است. ایران در مذاکرات با غرب به دنبال برداشته شدن تحریمها و بازگشت قدرتمند کشور به عنوان یک صادرکننده بزرگ نفتی است.
عباس علی نورا، عضو سابق مجلس ایران میگوید: “نباید امیدمان را به قیمت بالای نفت ببندیم، بلکه باید کاهش درآمد را با حجم بیشتر صادرات جبران کنیم.”
ایران به عنوان دومین تولیدکننده اوپک، طبیعتا از اولین اعضای این سازمان است که خواستار کاهش تولید برای بالا رفتن قیمتها شده. تحلیلگران میگویند، ایران برای تراز بودجه خود به قیمت بالای نفت نیاز دارد.
اما این ماه ایران در یک تغییر تاکتیکی گفت، میتواند با کاهش قیمتها بسازد و هیچ برنامهای برای اجلاس فوقالعاده اوپک برای توقف کاهش قیمت ندارد.
برخی از اعضای اوپک نظیر عربستان و کویت گفتهاند، بعید است این گروه در دیدار ۲۷ نوامبر خود برای بالا بردن قیمت، تولید را کاهش دهد.
برخی از تحلیلگران میگویند، عربستان سعودی قصد دارد با کاهش قیمت نفت در هنگام مذاکرات هستهای یا بحران اوکراین به غرب کمک و موضع تهران و مسکو را تضعیف کند.
منابع نفتی خلیج فارس این ایده را داستانپردازی خواندهاند.
ریاض همیشه گفته است که تولید نفت را با مشتریانش تنظیم میکند نه با قیمت نفت.
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- 21 اکتبر 2014